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Oyakawa et al (3)

Description: Measurements and counts in the Table 2. Member of H. fowleri group. Body dorsoventrally depressed and elongated, widest at cleithrum. Dorsal profile of body straight and gently ascending from tip of snout to anterior region of orbit, and horizontally straight from this point to dorsal-fin origin and gently descending to end of caudal peduncle. Ventral profile of body straight from tip of snout to origin of anal fin and gently ascending from this point to caudal peduncle. (Oyakawa et al 2018). Habitat: known only from above the two great falls of Rio Curuá, a tributary of Rio Iriri, in the area of Serra do Cachimbo. Collections made bellow the two falls of Rio Curuá have failed in capture the species, suggesting that the new species might be restricted to the portion of the river above the two great falls. (Oyakawa et al 2018). Aquarium Care: Not the easiest genera to keep as they will need clean, oxygen rich water and a strong current. Does not do well in imports due to its difficulty in traveling containers. Sexual Differences: Males tend to have odontodes (hair like structures) on the first ray of the pectoral fins and the head in males is broader. Diet: Grazes on microscopic algae, mostly diatoms and green algae growing on rugged and light-coloured rocks, and submersed vegetation. Chironomid and simuliid larvae, as well as tiny crustaceans, are recorded in its diet. When scraping algae off the substrate, the fish makes vigorous mouth movements and jerky movements, probably related to its mouth making alternate grazing and attaching to the substrate. In the aquarium feed dry foods, algae wafers, Spirulina and normal tablet foods. Frozen foods, Artemia nauplii, glass worms and Daphnia. Etymology: The specific name, villasboas, is a patronym that honours the Orlando, Claudio and Leonardo Villas Boas brothers, three frontiersmen that led the Expedição Roncador-Xingu during the years of 1943 to 1949, with the mission to explore a wide and unknown territory of the Amazonian regions of Brazil. In 1949, the expedition reached the tablelands of the Serra do Cachimbo. One of the most important results of this expedition was the establishment of the Parque Indígena do Xingu in 1961, the first huge indigenous area in all South America. The area of the park is 26.420 km2 in the northern of Mato Grosso State and nowadays protects 14 indigenous ethnicities. A noun in apposition. (Oyakawa et al 2018).

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Loricariidae

South America: Brazil, so far, known only from above the two great falls of Rio Curuá, a tributary of Rio Iriri, in the area of Serra do Cachimbo. Collections made bellow the two falls of Rio Curuá have failed in capture the species, suggesting that the new species might be restricted to the portion of the river above the two great falls.

13.0cm. (5¼ins)

24-27°c (75-81°f.)

6.0-7.5.