Habitat: This
species is present in the Amazon and Orinoco River
Basin within Colombia and Venezuela (Sabaj and Ferraris
2003, Lasso et al. 2011). It was described from Río
Apure, 2 kilometers east of San Fernando, Venezuela
(Fernández-Yépez 1950). It is widely
distributed in the middle and lower sections of the
Orinoco basin, in the Meta, Arauca, Apure, and Portuguesa
rivers and along the main channel of the Orinoco basin,
reaching the delta region. It occurs in Andean tributaries
of Orinoco (Apure, Meta), and lowland Guiana Shield
rivers near the Orinoco (Cuchivero). It occurs in
PNN Macarena (DoNascimiento et al. 2018) and PNN Amacayacu
(Usma et al. 2013). In the Orinoco, its migration
in May and June coinciding with the Ocotea cymbarum
harvest (Usma et al. 2009). In June it enters the
flooded forest in search of fruits (O. cymbarum,
Astrocaryum jauari, Attalea butyracea, Inga
vera, Spondias mombin and Myrciaria floribunda),
leaves, insects and crustaceans (Usma et al. 2009,
2013). In Arauca river its diet exhibited differences
related to size, with a tendency towards invertivory
(Copepoda, Cladocera, Macrobrachiumsp Pseudothelphusidae)
in small sized individuals, and a tendency towards
herbivory in large individuals. Intact seeds of species
of Poaceae and of Coccoloba obtusifolia were
found along the intestinal tract of individuals of
P. rivasi, suggesting that this species might
act as a seed disperser for plants of its riparian
forests (Echavarría et al. 2018). Aquarium
Care:Would need a large tank with
large pipes, plastic or ceramic, to rest in. House
with same size or larger tank mates. Diet:
Pellets, tablets, frozen mysis shrimp, worm food and
mussels. Etymology: The specific
name rivasi: In honour of Luis A. Rivas L.
(no other information available), who collected fishes
with Fernández-Yépez and assisted with
the description of this species.
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